Class 10:Unit 1-Communication Skills

1. Definition of Communication

Communication is the process of sharing information between two or more individuals or within a group to reach a common understanding.
It is a two-way process of giving (speaking/writing) and receiving (listening/reading) information.

2. Importance of Communication

  • To inform – share facts, data, and information.
  • To influence – persuade, motivate, or change views.
  • To express feelings – share emotions and ideas.

3. Elements of Communication

  1. Sender – the person who sends the message.
  2. Message – the information, idea, or thought shared.
  3. Medium – the channel used (speech, writing, gestures, visuals).
  4. Receiver – the person who gets the message.
  5. Feedback – the response of the receiver to the sender.

4. Communication Cycle

  • A step-by-step process of how communication takes place:
  1. Sender has an idea.
  2. Sender encodes the idea into a message.
  3. Message is transmitted through a channel/medium.
  4. Receiver decodes the message.
  5. Feedback is given by receiver.

👉 Ensures clarity, understanding, and proper response.

5. Barriers in Communication (in 1–2 lines each)

  1. Language – Difficult or unfamiliar words cause confusion.
  2. Visual Perception – Misinterpreting pictures, charts, or symbols.
  3. Past Experience – Earlier experiences affect present understanding.
  4. Prejudice – Fixed ideas or bias limit openness.
  5. Feelings – Anger, sadness, or fear affect clarity.
  6. Environment – Noise or disturbances cause distraction.
  7. Personal Factors – Fear, low confidence, poor habits.
  8. Culture – Gestures or signs differ across cultures.

6. 7Cs of Effective Communication (with definitions)

  1. Clear – The message should be easily understood, without confusion.
  2. Concise – Say the message in as few words as possible without losing meaning.
  3. Concrete – The message should be specific, supported by facts/examples.
  4. Correct – The information must be accurate and error-free.
  5. Coherent – The message should be logical, well-connected, and consistent.
  6. Complete – The message must contain all necessary details.
  7. Courteous – The tone should be polite, respectful, and considerate.

7. Choosing the Right Method of Communication

  • Depends on:
    • Message type – simple (verbal), complex (written + visual).
    • Urgency – urgent (telephone, face-to-face), non-urgent (email, letter).
    • Audience size – small (meeting), large (presentation, poster).
    • Clarity needed – written for accuracy, oral for quick exchange.

8. Types of Communication

(a) Verbal Communication

  • Definition: Communication using spoken or written words.
  • Examples: Conversation, telephone calls, classroom teaching, letters, emails.
  • Advantages: Quick, easy, immediate feedback, clarifies ideas.
  • Disadvantages: Misinterpretation, language barriers, accent/slang confusion.

(b) Non-Verbal Communication

  • Definition: Communication without words – using gestures, body language, facial expressions, tone of voice.
  • Examples: Nodding head, handshake, smile, posture, pitch of voice.
  • Importance:
    • Strengthens spoken/written messages.
    • Expresses feelings more effectively.
    • Helps when language barriers exist.
    • Builds trust and understanding.
  • Advantages: Makes messages powerful, shows emotions clearly, useful when words fail.
  • Disadvantages: May be misunderstood, differs across cultures, cannot explain detailed info.

(c) Visual Communication

  • Definition: Communication through images, symbols, charts, or signs.
  • Examples: Traffic lights, posters, maps, logos, graphs.
  • Advantages: Simple, universal, easy to remember.
  • Disadvantages: Cannot explain complex ideas, needs prior awareness of symbols.

9. Feedback in Communication

Importance of Feedback

  • Ensures message is understood correctly.
  • Helps sender improve future communication.
  • Builds trust and clarity.

Types of Feedback

  • Positive Feedback: Encouraging response (e.g., “Good explanation!”).
  • Negative Feedback: Critical response to improve (e.g., “You need to speak louder”).
  • Formal Feedback: Structured, official (e.g., appraisal, written review).
  • Informal Feedback: Casual, spontaneous (e.g., nodding, smile).
  • Written Feedback: Through notes, letters, emails.
  • Oral Feedback: Spoken responses during/after communication.

Characteristics of Good Feedback

  • Specific – Focused on particular behavior/action.
  • Clear & Simple – Easy to understand.
  • Constructive – Suggests improvements.
  • Timely – Given immediately after action.
  • Balanced – Includes positives and areas of improvement.

10. Public Speaking

  • Definition: The act of speaking confidently before a group.
  • 3Ps Method:
    1. Prepare – Plan the topic, audience, and key points.
    2. Practice – Rehearse in front of mirror, friends, or family.
    3. Perform – Stay confident, speak clearly, and maintain eye contact.
  • Importance: Builds confidence, improves communication, inspires others.

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